Production planning and business plan of the enterprise

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Eastern Institute of Economics, Humanities, Management and Law

Faculty of Economics

Togliatti

Every entrepreneur, starting his activity, must clearly understand the need for the future in financial, material, labor and intellectual resources, the sources of their receipt, and also be able to clearly calculate the effectiveness of their use in the process of the firm's work.

In a market economy, entrepreneurs will not be able to achieve sustainable success if they do not clearly and effectively plan their activities, constantly collect and accumulate information, both about the state of target markets, the position of competitors in them, and their own prospects and opportunities ... With all the variety of forms of entrepreneurship, there are key provisions that are applicable in almost all areas of commercial activity for various firms. Necessary in order to prepare in a timely manner and to avoid potential difficulties and dangers, thereby reducing the risk in achieving the set goals.

Thus, the development of a strategy and tactics of production and economic activities of the company is the most important task for a small entrepreneur. A generally accepted form of strategy and tactics development is a business plan.

The purpose of developing a business plan is to plan the economic activities of the company for the near and long term, in accordance with the needs of the market and the possibilities of obtaining the necessary resources.

A business plan helps an entrepreneur to solve the following main tasks:

Define specific areas of the firm's activities, target markets and the firm's place in these markets;

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Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation

Branch of the Federal Budgetary Educational Institution

higher professional education

South Ural State University in Miass

(National Research University)

Faculty of Economics, Management, Law

Department of Economics and Information Systems

EXPLANATORY NOTE TO COURSE WORK

in the discipline "Enterprise Economics"

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COURSE WORK

"Business plan of the enterprise and methodology for its development"

In market conditions, it is unrealistic to achieve stable business success if you do not plan effectively for its development, do not constantly accumulate information about your own prospects and opportunities, the state of target markets, the position of competitors in them, etc. It is necessary to accurately represent your needs for the future, not only in material, labor, intellectual, but also in financial resources, which is especially important in a market economy. It is important to foresee the sources of their receipt, to be able to identify the efficiency of the use of resources in the process of the enterprise. Hence, ensuring his economic activity, carried out on the basis of a plan, is the most important task for any manager.

The main goal pursued by the company is to achieve maximum profit with minimum costs. The firm's plan contributes to the solution of this problem, identifying the most profitable sources of financing and rational directions for spending funds, ensuring a stable position of the enterprise in the market. Individual businesses are able to achieve some success without spending a lot of planning effort. Planning alone does not guarantee success. But planning can provide many important and beneficial factors for the enterprise. The current pace of change and knowledge build-up is so great that planning seems to be the only way to actually predict future challenges and opportunities. Planning also provides the basis for effective management decisions. When you know what the organization wants to achieve, it is easier to find the most appropriate action. Planning helps reduce risk in decision making. By making informed planning decisions, management reduces the risk of errors caused by erroneous or inaccurate information about the capabilities of the enterprise or about the external situation. Planning serves to formulate and achieve key goals within the organization.

The business plan acts as an objective assessment of the results of the company's market activity and, at the same time, as a necessary tool for design and investment decisions in accordance with the needs of the market. The plan describes the main aspects of a business enterprise, analyzes the problems it faces, and identifies ways and methods of solving them. Hence, the business plan acts simultaneously as a search, research and development work. Thanks to the business plan, the manager has the opportunity to look at the enterprise from the outside. The very process of developing a business plan, including a detailed analysis of economic and organizational issues, constantly encourages mobilization. A business plan is a multifaceted management tool. It provides for the solution of both strategic and tactical tasks facing the enterprise, regardless of its functional orientation, including: organizational, managerial and financial and economic assessment of the state of the enterprise; identification of potential business opportunities, analysis of its strengths and weaknesses; formation of investment goals for the planned period. The business plan substantiates the general and specific elements of the functioning of an enterprise in market conditions, the choice of strategy and tactics of competition, an assessment of the financial, material, labor resources necessary to achieve the goals of the enterprise is carried out. The business plan provides an objective idea of ​​the possibilities for the development of production, ways of promoting goods on the market, prices, possible profits, the main financial and economic results of the enterprise, identifies areas of danger, suggests ways to limit them. Such a plan is used regardless of the field of activity, scale, type of ownership, organizational and legal form of the company. It finds its solution both internal tasks related to the management of the enterprise, and external ones, due, in particular, to relationships with other firms and organizations. Business planning takes an increasingly significant share in modern management. In the constantly changing business world, many new opportunities are opening up for business. Business planning helps the manager not to miss them and use them to transform and improve the efficiency of the market.

This work is intended to characterize not only the theoretical aspects of business planning, but also the problems of practical application of a business plan in economic conditions. The first chapter sequentially sets out the methodological foundations of planning in the enterprise. The place of the business plan in the development of the enterprise. In the second chapter, the question of the technical and economic characteristics of the enterprise is considered on the example of LLC Interior-Mebel. An enterprise carrying out its activities in the manufacture and supply of furniture, cabinets and facades, and the content of the entrepreneurial business plan will also be disclosed. In the third chapter - an analysis of the business plan of the enterprise.

1. methodological foundations of planning at the enterprise. The place of the business plan in the development of the enterprise

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How to start your own business? What type of activity should you choose? Which business idea should you choose to be successful? What steps should be taken initially? All budding entrepreneurs are interested in the answers to these questions. Anyone who takes their first steps in business hopes to be successful. If entrepreneurs with experience are well aware that no more than 50% of new projects become successful, then newcomers arrogantly believe that it is their business idea that will bring them success and the accompanying material well-being.

You can recall the famous statement by Paul Samuelson that people always want to start an independent business. Even if they never manage to earn more than a few thousand dollars a year, there is still something appealing about being able to make their own plans and perform various tasks that the small entrepreneur has a penchant for solving every day.

And indeed, despite all the difficulties and problems, millions of people are already employed in the field of private entrepreneurship in Russia. However, it should be well understood that business is a very special way of life, which implies a willingness to make independent decisions and take risks. At the same time, each company, starting its activities, must clearly present the need for the future in financial, material, labor and intellectual resources, the sources of their receipt, and also be able to accurately calculate the effectiveness of the use of available funds in the process of the company.

Having decided to start a business, an entrepreneur must carefully plan its organization. We are talking about business plans with which it is customary all over the world to start any commercial event. In market conditions, such plans are necessary for everyone: bankers and potential investors, employees of the company who want to assess their prospects and tasks, and, above all, the entrepreneur himself, who must carefully analyze his ideas, check their feasibility. As a matter of fact, without a business plan, it is generally impossible to undertake commercial activities, since the possibility of failure will be too great.

The business plan encourages the entrepreneur to scrutinize every element of the prospective risky market pursuit. Surely in this process, many weaknesses and gaps will be discovered, the elimination of which will have to be given significant attention. Where it is impossible to cope with such problems, the very fact of their identification will make it possible to make a decision to abandon the enterprise even before the funds are invested in it.

In a market economy and for operating firms, a business plan is a working tool used in all areas of entrepreneurship. Many businessmen underestimate him. They have no idea how having a good business plan can help a new business raise capital, determine plans for the future, and compile analytical tables that can be used to assess how the business is developing. Entrepreneurs often ask the question: “Is such a business plan really necessary? After all, we want to make money, not learn to write business plans! " Unfortunately, raising such a question is a sad truth about the attitude of many domestic entrepreneurs to business planning. It is difficult to immediately convince such skeptics who are not very willing to plan their future activities. And yet, it is necessary. Many companies and individual entrepreneurs would be able to avoid collapse and successfully implement their business ideas, making their business prosperous, if they understood the need for planning in time. Well, what did it cost them to spend some time developing a business plan? For this they lacked “just a little bit,” namely, special knowledge and skills.

So what to do in this situation? Is it possible to reduce the potential risks of new entrepreneurial projects? Are there any universal recipes for making your business prosperous?

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INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ECONOMY AND LAW

on the topic: "Business plan of the organization: structure and characteristics"

2nd year students of MA-306 group

There are a number of reasons behind the need for business planning. At one time, the classics of management drew attention to the fact that the absence of plans at the enterprise is accompanied by hesitation, erroneous maneuvers, an untimely change of orientation, and all this is the reason for the poor state of affairs or collapse. Practice has shown that the use of planning creates the following important benefits:

· makes possible the preparation and use of future favorable conditions.

· Clarifies surrounding issues

· Encourages managers to implement their decisions in future work.

· Improves coordination within the organization.